Erectile Dysfunction: A rising concern among Tanzania's youth

An investigation by The Citizen’s sister newspaper Mwananchi revealed that the most commonly used drugs are not originally designed for sexual health.

Instead, they are medications for lung pressure or altitude sickness, but are repurposed to enhance sexual performance.

Health experts warn, however, that this misuse is not only ineffective but potentially harmful.

The investigation comes two years after President Samia Suluhu Hassan urged researchers to explore the root causes of ED among youth, urging solutions that ensure a healthy future generation.

On October 3, 2022, President Samia suggested that poor nutrition could be a contributing factor to the issue.

Business surge

Mwananchi spoke with sales representatives from multiple pharmacies in Dar es Salaam, where the sale of these drugs is reportedly on the rise.

Sellers indicated that younger buyers are increasingly purchasing these medications, with many unaware of the potential dangers.

At the Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), health professionals acknowledge the drugs’ effectiveness for ED but caution that they should only be used under doctor’s supervision.

A pharmacy attendant in Tabata Shule, Ms Joyce Helina, confirmed that youths are the primary buyers of these drugs.

"I sell to between seven and ten youths daily. The demand is growing," she said.

Another pharmacist, Mr Juma Mustafa, said that Viagra is the most popular brand, largely due to its lower price.

While sellers often advise proper use, many youths purchase the drugs discreetly, avoiding questions or follow-up.

Mr Mustafa noted that some buyers switch pharmacies to avoid being seen regularly.

Youth perspectives

Several young people told Mwananchi that they use these drugs to improve their stamina and overcome performance anxiety.

Mr Hussein Malima, for instance, explained that he was ridiculed by his partner, prompting him to try the drugs, despite not having ED.

"I didn't have a problem, but I took the drugs to prove I could perform," he said.

Others, like Mr Vidastus Richard, have been using these drugs for over two years, following advice from friends.

"Many youths use them, but you can't buy from the same shop every day. Some sellers gossip too much," he shared.

Another youth, Mr Laizer Jackson, attributed his use of drugs to the stress of modern life.

"Life is tough. We're often exhausted, and these drugs help relieve the anxiety of not being able to perform," he said.

Psychological factors

Psychologist Charles Kalungu identifies stress as a major contributing factor to ED among youths.

"Many young people are misinformed and fear their sexual performance is inadequate," he explained.

Mr Kalungu added that while these drugs are popular, users often see no real improvement, as they lack proper education on sexual health and intimacy.

Health experts’ warnings

A pharmacist and lecturer at Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (Muhas), Mr David Myemba, explained that these drugs were originally designed to treat lung pressure but they are being repurposed for ED.

"They… should only be used by those who need them," he said.

Mr Myemba noted that the drugs are most effective for those suffering from conditions like stress, diabetes, or neurological issues.

"Many youths, however, misuse them to enhance their sexual performance, often due to stress and financial pressures," he said.

Another health expert at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Dr Paul Masua, echoed Mr Myemba's concerns, saying that these drugs should only be used with a doctor’s prescription.

"They are legal for treating ED and lung pressure but should not be used without proper medical guidance," he said.

Dr Masua also pointed out that self-medication is a growing problem, with many men taking these drugs without being diagnosed.

"Studies show that men today are facing a decline in sexual function compared to those 50 years ago," he added.

Health risks

Mr Myemba warned that using these drugs unnecessarily could lead to serious health complications, including muscle fatigue and dependency.

"If you don't have ED and take these drugs, you risk damaging the muscles, and over time, higher doses may be required," he explained.

The drugs’ side effects can also be fatal, particularly for those with heart conditions.

"These drugs can restrict blood flow and cause sudden death, especially for those with pre-existing heart issues," Mr Myemba cautioned.

While the demand for these drugs is increasing among youth, experts stress the importance of proper sexual health education and medical guidance.

Misusing these drugs not only fails to address the underlying causes of ED but can lead to long-term health risks.